Study On Scouring of Cotton fabric

                                                                   Solvent Scouring Process
 

Scouring Process of Cotton Fabric

Scour mean to remove impurites. Desized textile materials till contain oil, fats and waxes, dust and impurities. Scouring is the process of removing these contents from the fabric. Dust is created from the machine or naturally. These impurities are hydrophobic in water. So, we have to remove these impurities.This is one of the most important process of dyeing textile manufacturing. To get better results of dyeing continuous dyeing and bleaching process is very important. In Scouring process of wool grease and dirt remove from fleece. For silk combine scouring and bleaching process is use

Types of Scouring process:

There are mainly two types of fabric scouring process are used

Batch/Discontinuous Process (Kier Boiling/Jigger/Winch dyeing machine    

Continuous Process (J-Box Machine)

Objectives Of Scouring Process In Textile:

·         To remove natural and added oil, fat, waxes from the textile materials

·         Improve hydrophilic affinity  of impurities

·         To improve the water absorbency of the fabric

·         To prepare fabric suitable for the next process

·         To get uniform bleaching results of the fabric

Recipe Required for Fabric Scouring Process:

Below scouring agents chemical are requires for scouring process

1.       Sequestering Agent= 1cc/L

2.       Na₂CO₃= 5gm/L

3.       NaOH= 3gm/L

4.       Detergent= 10cc/L

5.       P^H = 11

6.       Temperature = Boiling

7.       Time = 30 min

8.       M:L = 1:80

Function of Used Chemical Recipe in Scouring Process:

ü  Sequestering Agent is used to remove the hardness of water

ü  Sodium Carbonate is used to hold the P^H within 11 and suitable for dyeing

ü  Sodium Hydroxide converts the saponiable fat or oil into soluble soap

ü  Detergent turns the unsaponiable oil into emulsion and used to clean the fabric

Flow Chart of Scouring & Bleaching Process:

1. Machine Filling with water
2. Chemical Dosing
3. H2O2 Dosing
4. Cooling at 75C
5. Rinse Wash
6. H2O2 Killer Dosing
7. Run time 10 min
8. Cooling at 55C
9. Acid Wash 5 Min
10. Drain

Working Procedure of Scouring Process:

After measuring the amount of desized fabric , we take water 80 times greater than the weight of fabric. We take the water into an aluminium vessel and mixed particular amount of sequestering agent, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and detergent. Then the mixer is taken to the heater and kept over the heater until boiling 30 minutes. After that all the mixer was dropped and washing the fabric. Then the fabric taken to the dryer for drying to wash the fabric (2-5) minutes. Then we measure the fabric weight. From the weight of fabric before and after scouring, we get the weight percentage of impurities.

Calculation of Scouring Process:

Weight of the Desized Fabric =5.90 gm

Weight of Water= (5.90*80) gm

                                 =472 gm

Sequestering Agent = 472 *1/1000 mL

                                          =0.472 mL

Sodium Carbonate = 5/1000*472

                                       =2.36mL

Sodium Hydroxide = 3/1000*472

                                      = 1.416 mL

Detergent= 10/1000*472

                    =4.72 mL

Weight of Impurities= Fabric Weight Before Scouring – Fabric Weight After Scouring/Fabric Weight Before Scouring*100%

                                         =5.90-5.41/5.90 *100%

                                           =8.30%

Results of Scouring Process:

The Weight of Impurities Material = 8.30%

Recommendation for Scouring Process:

1)      Before the scouring process, we have to wear hand gloves

2)      We should measure the amount of used chemicals properly

3)      The mixer should be boiling upto 30 minutes

4)      Before weighting the chemical, the weight measuring machine value must be zero

Scouring Process Pdf Link